Various Disinfectant Solutions for Different Settings: Are You Using Them Appropriately ?

In order to achieve the most ideal effect with the lowest cost, it is necessary to have a correct and sufficient understanding of various poultry farm disinfectant, and then choose the best disinfectant according to the disinfection purpose.

1. Phenolic disinfectant solution

It is a kind of surfactant, mainly including phenol, cresol, and hexachlorophene. The preparation of cresol solution is commonly used in poultry farming. A 10% solution is used for disinfecting excrement. The ecological disinfectant of phenolic has the characteristics of killing bacteria reproducing bodies and fungi, but its antibacterial activity is not affected by organic matter in the environment, and therefore, it is not effective for spores and viruses.

2. Alcohol disinfectant solution

Commonly used is ethanol, and a 75% ethanol solution has the best disinfection effect. It can kill bacteria reproducing bodies and has a killing effect on enveloped viruses, but it is ineffective against spores. Due to its rapid action, non-corrosiveness, and no residual, it is often used for disinfecting injection sites and the surrounding skin of wounds. The solution is versatile and easy to use, with the advantage of requiring minimal application times. As a result, it is a preferred choice in veterinary medicine as well as in animal facilities, including farms and shelters. In summary, alcohol disinfectant solution is a powerful animal facility disinfectant with rapid action, making it an invaluable tool for maintaining hygiene in animal facilities while reducing the risk of infectious diseases.

3. Aldehyde disinfectant solution

Mainly includes formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, and polyformaldehyde. The aldehyde commonly used for poultry farming is mainly formaldehyde, which is often used with a high concentration of 24 mL/m³ and 12 g/m³ potassium permanganate for fumigation disinfection of poultry houses, equipment, and work areas. Aldehyde disinfectants can kill all pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria reproducing bodies, viruses, spores, fungi, and tuberculosis bacteria. However, formaldehyde is highly toxic and should be used as little as possible.

4. Alkali disinfectant solution

The commonly used ones are sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide. A 2% to 3% solution of sodium hydroxide is commonly used for disinfecting empty poultry houses and the surrounding environment, and a 5% solution is used for anthrax spore contamination. It can kill bacteria reproducing bodies, spores, viruses, and fungi. It has a corrosive effect on aluminum products and fabrics, and protective measures should be taken. Calcium oxide is often made into a 10% to 20% stone milk and used for disinfecting floors, poultry houses, etc. It is effective against bacteria reproducing bodies and ineffective against tuberculosis bacteria and spores.

5. Chlorine disinfectant solution

The commonly used ones are sodium dichloroisocyanurate and bleaching powder. A 1% water solution of sodium dichloroisocyanurate can be used to kill bacteria reproducing bodies and viruses, and a solution of more than 5% can be used to kill spores. It has the characteristics of a broad spectrum of bactericidal activity, and has a strong killing effect on bacteria reproducing bodies, spores, viruses, and fungi. Its properties are relatively stable compared with bleaching powder, and its action is slightly slower. Its bactericidal activity is less affected by organic matter, and the lower the pH value of the solution, the better the bactericidal effect. Bleaching powder is often made into a 5% to 10% suspension or a 1% to 5% clear solution, and is widely used as site disinfectant, livestock housing disinfectant, and vehicle disinfectant. It has a quick bactericidal effect but is unstable, not long-lasting, and easily affected by organic matter. Both solutions should be used immediately after preparation and attention should be paid to their corrosiveness to metals, their irritability to the skin and mucous membranes, and their bleaching effect on clothing.

6. Iodine preparations and iodine disinfectant solutions

The disinfectants commonly used in poultry farm disinfectant are iodine tincture and polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine. They can kill bacteria reproducing bodies, spores, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. The advantages are high efficiency and low toxicity. The disadvantages are that it are volatile, and are greatly affected by light, temperature, and organic matter, and their efficacy is low in alkaline environments.

7. Oxidizing agent disinfectant solution

The commonly used ones for routine disinfection are peracetic acid and potassium permanganate. A 0.5% solution of peracetic acid is mainly used for disinfecting floors, poultry houses, utensils, and transport vehicles. It has strong killing effects on bacteria reproducing bodies, spores, viruses, and fungi, quick action, wide range of effectiveness, and no residue on items. The disadvantage is that it is unstable, easily volatile, and its bactericidal power will decrease when affected by organic matter; its diluted solution is irritating to the respiratory tract and conjunctiva. Potassium permanganate is mainly used together with formaldehyde in a 1:2 ratio for fumigation disinfection in routine disinfection.

8. Surfactant disinfectant solution

The one commonly used in routine disinfection is dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid quaternary ammonium salt solution. It is a cationic surfactant and a double-chain quaternary ammonium salt. It can kill bacteria reproducing bodies, fungi, and enveloped viruses. The disadvantage is that it is greatly affected by organic matter, and the advantages are the stable structure, unaffected by light, heat, water hardness, non-irritating, non-residual, non-toxic, non-corrosive, safe for humans and animals, and commonly used for poultry disinfection.